基于DEM的崇礼区林火监测点选址分析

李洁茹<sup>1; 2</sup>; 左海龙<sup>1; 2</sup>

文章摘要

李洁茹, 左海龙.基于DEM的崇礼区林火监测点选址分析[J].海南师范大学学报自科版,2024,37(4):507-513

基于DEM的崇礼区林火监测点选址分析

Location Selection Analysis of Forest Fire Monitoring Points in Chongli Based on DEM

DOI：10.12051/j.issn.1674-4942.2024.04.014

中文关键词: DEM 监测点选址林火强度可视域分析崇礼区

英文关键词: DEM location selection of monitoring points forest fire intensity viewshed analysis Chongli district

基金项目:张家口市科技计划项目（2221198D）

作者	单位
李洁茹^1,2, 左海龙^1,2	1.张家口学院旅游与环境学院，河北张家口 075000 2.张家口生态监测与综合治理创新中心，河北张家口 075000

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中文摘要:

目前中国大部分林区主要采用瞭望台定点观测的方式进行日常林火监测，科学合理布局监测点、有效降低建设维护成本是做好日常林火监测的关键。基于数字高程模型（DEM）数据，利用ArcGIS地形分析工具定量分析河北省张家口市崇礼区不同地形因子影响下的林火强度空间分布，进而利用可视域分析方法对林火监测点选址布设方案进行优化。研究结果表明：综合考虑高程、坡度、坡向3个地形因子，崇礼区林火强度较高区域主要分布在东部高山区，面积占比17.31%；50个备选监测点的总体布设密度为0.021 2个/km²，单点可视域覆盖率为0.72% ~ 12.26%，平均值为5.06%；50个备选监测点可视域叠加后可覆盖区域总面积的64.54%，其中对高林火强度区的覆盖率超过80%，可基本满足日常林火监测需求。

英文摘要:

At present, most forest areas in China mainly use fixed-point observation of observation stations for daily forest fire monitoring. Scientific and reasonable layout of monitoring points and effective reduction of construction and maintenance costs are the key to conduct daily forest fire monitoring. Based on digital elevation model (DEM) data, the spatial distribution of forest fire intensity in Chongli district, Zhangjiakou city, Hebei province was quantitatively analyzed by using ArcGIS topographic analysis tool, and the site selection scheme of forest fire monitoring points was optimized by using visual domain analysis method. The results show that: considering the three topographic factors of elevation, slope and slope direction, the area with high forest fire intensity is mainly distributed in the eastern mountainous area, accounting for 17.31%. The overall layout density of the 50 alternative monitoring sites is 0.021 2/km², and the coverage of the visible area of a single site is 0.72% ~ 12.26%, with an average of 5.06%. After the superposition of the visual field of 50 alternative monitoring points, 64.54% of the total area can be covered, and the coverage rate of the area with high forest fire intensity exceeds 80%, which can basically meet the needs of daily forest fire monitoring.

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