| 陈 煜.杨氏模量实验粗调范围的定量分析[J].海南师范大学学报自科版,2021,34(4):406-411 |
| 杨氏模量实验粗调范围的定量分析 |
| Quantitative Analysis on Coarse Adjustment Range of Young'sModulus Experiment |
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| DOI：10.12051/j.issn.1674-4942.2021.04.008 |
| 中文关键词: 望远镜 粗调 极限角 视场 定量分析 |
| 英文关键词: telescope coarse adjustment limit angle field of view quantitative analysis |
| 基金项目:广东省高校青年创新人才项目（2020KQNCX234） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 杨氏模量实验中常涉及到望远镜和光杠杆平面镜的粗调和细调，对培养学生的实践能
力有着重要作用。但在仪器调节的教学中发现，学生对平面镜和望远镜粗调不够重视，导致光杠
杆平面镜的上下倾角或者望远镜光左右偏转转角过大，无法观察到标尺的像。文章从系统成像的
光路出发，对光杠杆平面镜的上下倾角或者望远镜左右偏转转角过大这两种极限情况进行定量分
析，以探讨它们极限角范围的规律，从而判断光杠杆平面镜和望远镜粗调是否使标尺的像在望远
镜视场范围内，指出粗调的重要性。通过计算发现，望远镜处于理想状态下，平面镜的极限倾斜角
随标尺到平面镜中心的距离增大而减小；而当平面镜处于理想状态，望远镜的左右偏转极限角随
标尺到平面镜中心的距离增大呈现减小和增大交替变化的特点，标尺到平面镜中心的距离等于2.2
米时，望远镜的极限偏转角最大，等于1.067 °。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The experiment of Young′s modulus often involves the coarse adjustment and fine adjustment of the telescope
and the optical lever plane mirror, which play an important role in cultivating the students′ practical ability. However, in
the teaching of instrument adjustment, it is found that the students do not pay enough attention to the rough adjustment of
the plane mirror and the telescope, which leads to the optical lever. The up and down inclination angle of the plane mirror
or the left and right deflection angle of the telescope light is too large to observe the image of the ruler. Starting from the op⁃
tical path of the system imaging, the article quantitatively analyzed the two extreme cases of the optical lever plane mirror′s
up and down inclination angle or the left and right deflection angle of the telescope, in order to explore the law of their limit
angle range, so as to judge whether the rough adjustment of the optical lever plane mirror and the telescope can make the
image of the scale in the range of the telescope′s field of view, and to point out the importance of the rough adjustment.
Through calculations, it is found that when the telescope was in an ideal state, the limit tilt angle of the plane mirror de⁃
creases as the distance from the scale to the center of the plane mirror increased. When the plane mirror was in an ideal
state, the limit angle of the left and right deflection of the telescope increased with the distance from the scale to the center
of the plane mirror, presenting the characteristics of alternating changes of decreasing and increasing. When the distance
from the scale to the center of the plane mirror was equal to 2.2 meters, the limit deflection angle of the telescope was the
largest, which is equal to 1.067 °. |
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