| 胡宜广, 黄鑫, 张若兹, 罗宇轩, 张纪亮.尼泊金甲酯暴露对眼斑双锯鱼行为和生理的影响[J].海南师范大学学报自科版,2026,(2):254-264 |
| 尼泊金甲酯暴露对眼斑双锯鱼行为和生理的影响 |
| Effects of Methylparaben Exposure on Behavior and Physiology of Amphiprion ocellaris |
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| DOI：10.12051/j.issn.1674-4942.2024.04.016 |
| 中文关键词: 尼泊金甲酯 眼斑双锯鱼 行为学 眼组织 神经递质 |
| 英文关键词: methylparaben behavior ocular tissue neurotransmitters |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（32560304） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 476 |
| 全文下载次数: 9 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 尼泊金甲酯（methylparaben， MeP）是水环境中检出频率较高的尼泊金酯类污染物，但其对珊瑚礁鱼类神经行为系统的影响仍缺乏研究。以珊瑚礁鱼类眼斑双锯鱼（Amphiprion ocellaris）为研究对象，根据环境浓度分别设置对照组和50、500 ng/L MeP暴露组，暴露14 d后测定眼斑双锯鱼的攻击行为、集群行为和焦虑样行为，结合眼球组织学与脑内多巴胺、5-羟色胺、乙酰胆碱和γ-氨基丁酸等神经递质含量综合分析MeP暴露对眼斑双锯鱼神经行为系统的影响。行为学测定结果表明，MeP暴露对眼斑双锯鱼攻击行为相关指标无显著影响（P > 0.05）；在焦虑样行为测试中，500 ng/L MeP组在底部停留总时间显著低于对照组（P < 0.05），而运动距离、运动速度和冻结时间差异不显著（P > 0.05）；在集群行为测试中，平均速度、集群时间和集群行为评分在各组间均无显著差异（P > 0.05），但500 ng/L MeP组在底部停留总时间显著低于对照组（P < 0.05）。组织学切片分析结果显示，MeP暴露组视网膜外核层与内核层之间的外丛状层区域可见局部间隙增宽和组织疏松，其中500 ng/L MeP组部分区域层间边界连续性下降，并伴有局部细胞排列紊乱及细胞核染色加深现象。神经递质分析结果表明，50 ng/L MeP组多巴胺含量显著高于对照组（P < 0.05）； MeP暴露组乙酰胆碱含量均显著低于对照组，且500 ng/L MeP组显著低于50 ng/L MeP组（P < 0.05）；5-羟色胺和γ-氨基丁酸含量组间差异均不显著（P > 0.05）。综上，14 d高浓度MeP暴露可诱导眼斑双锯鱼焦虑样行为显著下降，并使其在集群行为测试中的底部停留总时间显著降低；同时，高浓度暴露还伴随眼球组织结构异常和脑内乙酰胆碱水平下降，提示MeP可干扰珊瑚礁鱼类的行为稳态和空间利用方式。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Methylparaben (MeP) is a paraben pollutant frequently detected in aquatic environments, but its effects on the neurobehavioral system of coral reef fish remain poorly studied. In this study, the coral reef fish Amphiprion ocellaris was used as the experimental organism. Based on environmental concentrations, a control group and 50 ng/L and 500 ng/L MeP exposure groups were established for a 14-day exposure experiment. Aggressive behavior, shoaling behavior, and anxiety-like behavior were measured, and comprehensive analyses were performed in combination with ocular histology and the contents of neurotransmitters in the brain, including dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, acetylcholine, and γ-aminobutyric acid. The results showed that MeP exposure had no significant effect on aggression-related indicators of A. ocellaris (P > 0.05). In the anxiety-like behavior test, the total time spent in the bottom zone was significantly lower in the 500 ng/L MeP group than that in the control group (P < 0.05), whereas no significant differences were observed in movement distance, movement speed, or freezing time (P > 0.05). In the shoaling behavior test, average speed, shoaling time, and shoaling behavior scores showed no significant differences among groups (P > 0.05), but the total time spent in the bottom zone was significantly lower in the 500 ng/L MeP group than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Histological observations showed local enlargement of interlayer spaces and tissue loosening in the outer plexiform layer between the outer nuclear layer and the inner nuclear layer in MeP-exposed groups. In the 500 ng/L MeP group, partial disruption of interlayer continuity was observed, accompanied by local cellular disorganization and deepened nuclear staining. Neurotransmitter analysis showed that dopamine content was significantly higher in the 50 ng/L MeP group than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Acetylcholine content was significantly lower in both MeP exposure groups than that in the control group, and was significantly lower in the 500 ng/L MeP group than that in the 50 ng/L MeP group (P < 0.05). No significant differences in 5-hydroxytryptamine or γ-aminobutyric acid contents were observed among groups (P > 0.05). In summary, 14-day exposure to high-concentration MeP significantly reduced anxiety-like behavior in A. ocellaris and decreased the total time spent in the bottom zone during the shoaling behavior test. These behavioral changes were accompanied by abnormal retinal tissue structure and decreased brain acetylcholine levels, suggesting that MeP may interfere with behavioral homeostasis and spatial utilization of coral reef fish. |
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