| 强美巧1,2
，刘建华1,2,3*
，江辉仙1,2,3.基于AHP-熵权法的多源数据支持下城市火灾风险
评估与应用[J].海南师范大学学报自科版,2025,38(4):487-496 |
| 基于AHP-熵权法的多源数据支持下城市火灾风险
评估与应用 |
| Urban Fire Risk Assessment and Application Based on AHP-Entropy Weight Method Supported by Multi-source Data |
| |
| DOI：10.12051/j.issn.1674-4942.2025.04.015 |
| 中文关键词: 火灾风险评估 AHP-熵权法 城市三维特征 消防站 福州市 |
| 英文关键词: fire risk assessment AHP-Entropy Weight Method urban three-dimensional characteristic fire station Fuzhou city |
| 基金项目:福建省科技厅公益类竞争性项目（2025R1040） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 343 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 火灾是影响人类生命和财产安全的重大灾害之一，会对社会秩序与经济发展造成严重
破坏。以福州市主城区为例，综合气象数据、建筑高度数据等多源数据，借助GIS空间分析与网络
分析技术，引入城市三维特征、火灾危险源和消防韧性3类影响因子，基于层次分析法（AHP）-熵权
法确定各因子权重，开展城市火灾风险评估，识别高风险区域，并在此基础上对消防站点的布局进
行优化。结果表明，城市三维特征、火灾风险源与消防韧性共同主导了福州市主城区的火灾风险
格局，城市火灾风险呈现出中心高、外围低的空间分布特征。为此，建议新增12座消防站，以有效
覆盖中高风险等级及以上区域，保障城市公共安全。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Fire is one of the major disasters that affect people′s lives and property safety, and it causes severe damage to
social order and economic development. This study took the main urban area of Fuzhou city as an example, integrating
multiple data sources such as meteorological data and building height data, and using GIS spatial analysis and network
analysis technologies. It introduced three types of influencing factors including urban three-dimensional characteristics,
fire hazard sources, and fire resilience. Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) - Entropy Weight Method, the
weights of each factor were determined. The urban fire risk assessment was carried out to identify high-risk areas, and the
layout of fire stations was optimized on this basis. The results showed that urban three-dimensional characteristics, fire risk
sources, and fire resilience jointly dominated the fire risk pattern in the main urban area of Fuzhou city. The urban fire risk
presented a spatial distribution feature of being higher in the center and lower in the periphery. Therefore, it is suggested to add 12 new fire stations to effectively cover the medium-high risk and above areas and ensure urban public safety. |
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